Learning and Performance Support Instructional Design (LeaPS ID) Model
The model below illustrates the concepts we describe in the book. Each component is broken down in a step by step manner. We provide guidance on the heuristics we use to make decisions aligned with every component and throughout an instructional design (ID) process.
The outermost parts of the topmost image depict the major components of the LeaPS ID model. A set of three rectangles, one inside the other, represents different systems in which instructional designers practice. Moving from the outermost to innermost rectangle, they are labeled thus:
Government, economy, cultures.
Inclusive design in organizations.
Project management.
Between the “Inclusive design” and “project management” arrows are to downward pointing callouts representing inputs the organization ideally provides. The leftmost callout is labeled “project sponsorship.” The rightmost callout is labeled “Needs assessment (organization performance analysis.”
Within the rectangles lies a depiction of the major components of the model. Text on the leftmost part of this area reads “Heuristics guide project decisions.” To the right of the text are three circles, laid out horizontally with the leftmost circle slightly overlapping a larger middle circle, and the middle circle slightly overlapping a smaller circle to the right. From left to right, the circles are labeled “Empathize and Analyze (E&A),” “Design and Develop (D&D),” and “Implement and Evaluate” (I&E).
Towards the bottom of the three circles lie a set of looping arrows labeled “Iterations.” A larger set of arrows cut across all three LeaPS components. A smaller set of looping arrows appears within each component.
Two rightward-pointing arrows labeled “Informs” connecting the tops of the component circles depict the systematic nature of LeaPS. One “Informs” arrow links the E&A circle to the D&D circle. The other “Informs” arrow connects the D&D circle to the I&E circle.
A set of left-pointing arrows labeled “formative evaluation” connecting the bottoms of the component circles depict feedback loops that IDs use to guide revisions to previously created project deliverables and future ones.
A downward-pointing arrow connects the top and bottom image. The bottommost image consists of two different configurations of the LeaPS component circles laid out vertically. One configuration depicts the three circles in a horizontal layout with only their edges touching—no overlaps. In this configuration, IDs complete the E&A component first, the D&D component next, and the E&A component last. The second configuration depicts these components with a significant amount of overlap. In this configuration, IDs largely work simultaneously on the three components.